Toreutics: Ancient art of metalworking passed down through generations

Toreutics, an ancient form of metalworking in Iran, has been handed down from generation to generation.

While its exact origins remain unclear, archaeologists and art historians believe it dates back to the pre-Achaemenid era.

Evidence of this art form can be found in carvings on mountains, building stones of royal palaces, historical monuments, and even in the era of cavemen.

Over time, it evolved from simple engravings to the intricate practice of toreutics.

Toreutics involves the decoration of metal objects through the meticulous engraving of exquisite patterns and images using hammers or burins.

To minimize noise and the risk of puncturing the metal, modern craftsmen often apply a coating of tar and plaster solution to the inner or lower part of the metal dish or tray.

They then sketch the desired pattern on the dish and carefully select the appropriate burin and hammer to create grooves and patterns with varying degrees of intensity.

Toreutic patterns have always been influenced by ideological and cultural shifts throughout different historical periods.

Several styles of toreutics exist, including relief, mid-relief, engraving, and latticework.

From another perspective, Iranian toreutics can be categorized into two main styles: the Isfahan Style and the Tabriz Style.

The Tabriz Style emphasizes wrist motion and pressure for engraving, while the Isfahan Style relies on hammering techniques. Tabriz burins are flat and shallow, while Isfahan burins are deeper.

The art of toreutics continues to captivate and inspire, showcasing the rich heritage and skilled craftsmanship of Iranian artists.

Each intricately designed metal piece tells a story, connecting the present to the past and preserving a tradition that has stood the test of time.

MM/FM